On December 15, 2023, enfortumab vedotin-ejfv (Padcev) in combination with pembrolizumab (Keytruda) was approved for patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer.1,2 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was based on findings in the open-label EV-302 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov...
On January 19, 2024, erdafitinib (Balversa) was approved for patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma with susceptible FGFR3 genetic alterations, as determined by a U.S. Food & Drug Administration–approved companion diagnostic test, whose disease has progressed on or...
In the phase III MORPHO trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Mark J. Levis, MD, PhD, and colleagues found that the FLT3 inhibitor gilteritinib showed activity as post–allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) maintenance among patients with FLT3-ITD–mutated acute myeloid...
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Rodriguez et al identified racial/ethnic differences in intensity of end-of-life care among patients in California who died from lung cancer between 2005 and 2018. Study Details The study used data from the California Cancer Registry linked...
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Kater et al, the phase IIIb VENICE-1 trial has shown activity of venetoclax monotherapy in adult patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia, including those with prior B-cell receptor–associated kinase (BCR) inhibitor treatment. Study...
On February 13, 2024, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved liposomal irinotecan (Onivyde) for use with oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin in the first-line treatment of metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma.1 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was based on the open-label NAPOLI 3...
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Battaglin et al, an analysis from the phase III CALGB/SWOG 80405 trial of first-line chemotherapy plus bevacizumab or cetuximab in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer showed differences in outcomes according to HER2 gene–expression status....
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kwak et al found that prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels ≥ 0.1 ng/mL within 6 months after completion of radiotherapy were prognostic for poorer outcomes in patients with localized prostate cancer who did or did not also receive...
On November 15, 2023, repotrectinib (Augtyro) was approved for locally advanced or metastatic ROS1 fusion–positive non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).1 This is the first U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval that includes patients with ROS1-positive NSCLC who have previously received a ROS1...
On February 16, 2024, osimertinib (Tagrisso) was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administraton (FDA) with pemetrexed and platinum-based chemotherapy for patients with locally advanced or metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with tumors having EGFR exon 19 deletions or exon 21 L858R...
In the BLUE-C study—reported in The New England Journal of Medicine—Imperiale et al found that a next-generation multitarget stool DNA test showed high sensitivity for colorectal cancer and high specificity for advanced neoplasia compared with colonoscopy screening. Study Details The U.S....
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Jason J. Luke, MD, FACP, and colleagues, the final prespecified analysis of distant metastasis–free survival in the phase III KEYNOTE-716 trial showed continued benefit with adjuvant pembrolizumab vs placebo in patients with resected stage IIB or...
In the ECLIPSE study—reported in The New England Journal of Medicine—Chung et al found that a cell-free DNA (cfDNA) blood-based test had high sensitivity for colorectal cancer and high specificity for advanced neoplasia in colorectal cancer screening compared with colonoscopy. Study Details The...
In an analysis reported in JAMA Oncology, Daniel E. Spratt, MD, and colleagues found that treatment with relugolix was associated with rapid achievement of sustained castration in patients with localized or advanced prostate cancer who were also receiving radiotherapy. Study Details The analysis...
In a phase II study (FASTRACK II) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Shankar Siva, MBBS, PhD, and colleagues found that stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) was effective in patients with primary kidney cancer who did not undergo resection. Study Details Seventy patients were enrolled in...
In a study among U.S. veterans reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Shah et al found that Helicobacter pylori infection was associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer and cancer-related death; additionally, treated H pylori infection was associated with reduced cancer incidence ...
In a retrospective review reported in The Lancet Oncology, Gharzai et al identified intermediate clinical endpoints that may serve as surrogates for overall survival in trials assessing definitive treatment of patients with p16-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Study Details The...
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Thomas Powles, MD, and colleagues, the phase III EV-302 trial has shown that the combination of the antibody-drug conjugate enfortumab vedotin-ejfv and the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab improved progression-free and overall survival vs...
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, David A. Palma, MD, PhD, and colleagues found that stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) met criteria for efficacy and toxicity in patients with early non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and interstitial lung disease (ILD). As stated by the investigators,...
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Wagner et al, final analysis of the phase II AMPECT trial has shown a median duration of response of more than 3 years in patients with advanced malignant perivascular epithelioid cell tumors treated with nab-sirolimus. The primary analysis of the...
In a study reported in The Lancet Oncology, De Angelis et al estimated the numbers of patients alive after a cancer diagnosis in Europe as of 2020. Study Details The study used data from the EUROCARE-6 study to estimate the prevalence of cancer in 29 European countries and the 27 countries in the ...
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Aditya Bardia, MD, MPH, and colleagues, final results of the phase III ASCENT trial showed continued superior progression-free and overall survival with sacituzumab govitecan-hziy, an anti–trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop-2) antibody-drug...
In a phase II trial (FIRSTMAPPP) reported in The Lancet, Eric Baudin, MD, and colleagues found that the multikinase inhibitor sunitinib was active in patients with metastatic progressive pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas. As stated by the investigators, “No randomized controlled trial has ever...
In a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) pooled analysis reported in The Lancet Oncology, Bernardo Haddock Lobo Goulart, MD, and colleagues found that response rate and progression-free survival were only moderately correlated with overall survival in first-line immunotherapy trials for...
In a single-center phase II/III imaging trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Duan and colleagues found that gallium Ga-68–labeled RM2 (Ga-68–RM2) positron-emission tomography (PET)-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outperformed MRI alone in positive findings and number of lesions detected in...
In an International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership study reported in The Lancet Oncology, McPhail et al found wide interjurisdictional variation in the use of radiotherapy among patients with newly diagnosed common cancers in Norway, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia. Study Details The...
On November 8, 2023, fruquintinib (Fruzaqla) was approved for adults with metastatic colorectal cancer who received prior fluoropyrimidine-, oxaliplatin-, and irinotecan-based chemotherapy; an anti-VEGF therapy; and—if RAS wild-type and medically appropriate—an anti-EGFR therapy.1 Supporting...
In a pooled analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Rahbari et al found that primary tumor resection before chemotherapy did not extend survival compared with upfront chemotherapy in patients with colon cancer and unresectable metastases. Study Details The study involved data from...
In an Indian single-center phase III trial (D-TORCH) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Santhosh et al found that topical diclofenac gel significantly reduced the risk of capecitabine-associated hand-foot syndrome vs placebo gel in patients with breast or gastrointestinal cancer who were ...
In an analysis reported in a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Gurney et al identified factors associated with an increased risk of myeloid neoplasms after chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. Study Details Investigators identified adults who received CAR T-cell therapy between June 2016 ...
In a phase I/II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Naval Daver, MD, and colleagues found that pivekimab sunirine (IMGN632), a novel CD123-targeting antibody-drug conjugate, showed activity in patients with CD123-positive relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Study Details...
As reported by Marie Plante, MD, and colleagues in The New England Journal of Medicine, the phase III CX.5 SHAPE trial has shown noninferiority of simple vs radical hysterectomy in terms of pelvic recurrence in women with low-risk cervical cancer. Simple hysterectomy was associated with a reduced...
In an International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership study reported in The Lancet Oncology, McPhail et al found wide interjurisdictional variation in chemotherapy use among patients with newly diagnosed common cancers in Norway, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia. Study Details The study...
In a study reported in JAMA Network Open, Sonawane et al found that no increase in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates among young adults was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, contrary to the increased rates observed prior to the pandemic. Study Details The study...
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Woriax et al identified racial/ethnic differences in pathologic complete response rates and overall survival among women with triple-negative breast cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Study Details The study involved data from the...
In an analysis reported in JAMA Network Open, Jacob K. Kresovich, PhD, and colleagues identified differences in circulating leukocyte subsets between women who were diagnosed and treated for breast cancer vs those not diagnosed with breast cancer. As stated by the investigators: “Changes in...
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Gagelmann et al have developed a predictive model (Myeloma CAR-T Relapse [MyCARe] model) for outcomes after B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple...
In a Chinese phase III study reported in JAMA Oncology, Dai et al found that induction chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy alone was noninferior in terms of progression-free survival vs induction chemotherapy followed by concomitant chemoradiotherapy in the first-line treatment of locoregionally...
In an analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Arrillaga-Romany et al found that single-agent ONC201 (dordaviprone), a first-in-class imipridone, showed activity in recurrent histone 3 (H3) K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma. As noted by the investigators, “H3 K27M–mutant diffuse...
In a Singaporean study reported in JAMA Network Open, Yip et al found that survivors of head and neck cancer were at an increased risk of stroke compared with the general population. Study Details The registry-based cross-sectional study involved 9,803 survivors—excluding those with a history of...
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Camus et al, the final analysis of the phase III Ro-CHOP trial showed no significant progression-free or overall survival benefit with the addition of romidepsin (Ro) to CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone) in previously...
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Yelena Y. Janjigian, MD, and colleagues, 3-year follow-up of the phase III CheckMate 649 trial has shown the continued benefit of the addition of nivolumab to chemotherapy in the first-line treatment of advanced gastric, gastroesophageal junction,...
In the phase II REVIVE trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Marina Kremyanskaya, MD, PhD, and colleagues found that the hepcidin mimetic rusfertide reduced the number of phlebotomies (during a dose-finding phase) and improved response rate vs placebo (during a randomized phase) in ...
In a Dutch study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Neppelenbroek et al found that doxorubicin treatment was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer among adolescent and adult Hodgkin lymphoma survivors. Study Details The study involved a cohort of 1,964 female 5-year Hodgkin...
In a Dutch study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Wisse et al found that a multitarget fecal immunochemical test (mtFIT) improved detection of advanced adenomas vs standard FIT in colorectal cancer screening. The mtFIT used in the study measures hemoglobin, calprotectin, and serpin family F member...
In a retrospective case series reported in JAMA Network Open, Hashmi et al found that more than one-third of pediatric patients receiving treatment for newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoblastic lymphoma (ALL/LL) developed COVID-19 infection during a recent 2-year period. Study...
In a long-term analysis of the EORTC 10041/BIG 03-04 MINDACT trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Alaeikhanehshir et al found that the 70-gene signature was not independently predictive of locoregional recurrence among women undergoing breast-conserving surgery for early breast...
In a systematic review and meta-analysis reported in JAMA Network Open, Bindels et al found no difference in overall pain response rates between stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and conventional external-beam radiotherapy (cEBRT) in terms of relief of pain for patients with painful bone...
In a single-center retrospective study reported as a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Zang et al found that high tumor mutational burden (TMB) was associated with better outcomes of checkpoint inhibition in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Study Details The study...
In a phase II trial (Study G200802) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Palmieri et al found that the novel selective androgen receptor (AR) modulator enobosarm was active in previously treated patients with AR-positive, estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, HER2-negative locally advanced or metastatic...